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・ False serotine bat
・ False Servant
・ False Shame
・ False sharing
・ False singular
・ False Smiles
・ False spike
・ False spiraea
・ False spotted catfish
・ False stag beetle
・ False start
・ False Start (album)
・ False Start (band)
・ False start (disambiguation)
・ False statement
False statements of fact
・ False Step
・ False step
・ False stonefish
・ False sunflower
・ False sunrise
・ False sunset
・ False tagging theory
・ False Tasmanian blenny
・ False title
・ False titles of nobility
・ False Trail
・ False trevally
・ False truffle
・ False vacuum


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False statements of fact : ウィキペディア英語版
False statements of fact
In United States constitutional law, false statements of fact are an exception from protection of free speech under the First Amendment. In United States law, a false statement of fact will not be exempt from some civil or criminal penalty, if a law has imposed one. This exception has evolved over time from a series of Supreme Court cases that dealt with issues such as libel, slander, and statutes which barred fraudulent solicitation of charitable donations.
A major limiting factor to this concrete First Amendment exception are statements made against public figures. In ''New York Times v. Sullivan'' (1964), the Court strongly suggested that even "deliberate lies" could not be punished if made against the government. Since that decision, many cases that have dealt with this rule have struggled to define the line of who actually is a 'public figure'. The Supreme Court has also extended this doctrine to non-political figures who are simply famous or well known in the media.
==Overview of the legal rule==


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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